Kunezindlela ezine eziyinhloko ze-electroplating kumabhodi wesekethe: i-electroplating yomugqa womunwe, i-electroplating yomgodi, i-reel-linked selective plating, kanye ne-brush plating.
Nasi isingeniso esifushane:
01
Ukufakwa kwemigqa yeminwe
Izinsimbi eziyivelakancane zidinga ukunameka ezixhunyweni zonqenqema lwebhodi, izixhumi zebhodi eziphumela ngaphandle noma iminwe esagolide ukuze kunikeze ukumelana okuphansi nokungagugi.Lobu buchwepheshe bubizwa ngokuthi i-electroplating yomugqa womunwe noma ingxenye ye-electroplating ephumayo.Igolide livamise ukunameka koxhumene nabo abaphumele ngaphandle kwesixhumi sonqenqema lwebhodi ngongqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-nickel.Iminwe yegolide noma izingxenye eziphumile zonqenqema lwebhodi zicwecwa ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo.Njengamanje, ipulaki yegolide kupulaki yokuxhumana noma umunwe oyigolide kugqitshiwe noma kwaba nomthofu., Esikhundleni sezinkinobho ezinamapulangwe.
Inqubo ye-electroplating yomugqa womunwe imi kanje:
Ukukhumula okokunamathela ukuze kukhishwe ithayela noma i-tin-lead enamathelayo ezintweni ezingaphandle
Hlanza ngamanzi okugeza
Khuhla nge-abrasive
Ukwenza kusebenze kusatshalaliswa ku-10% sulfuric acid
Ugqinsi lwe-nickel plating koxhumene nabo abaphumile buyi-4-5μm
Hlanza futhi ukhiphe amanzi emanzini
Ukwelashwa kwesixazululo sokungena kwegolide
Gilded
Ukuhlanza
ukomisa
02
Ngokufakwa kwemigodi
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwakha ungqimba lwe-electroplating layer odongeni lwembobo yembobo engaphansi.Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hole wall activation ezinhlelweni zezimboni.Inqubo yokukhiqiza ezentengiselwano yesekethe yayo ephrintiwe idinga amathangi amaningi okugcina aphakathi nendawo.Ithangi linezidingo zalo zokulawula nokulilungisa.Ngokusebenzisa umgodi wokumba kuyinqubo edingekayo yokulandelela yenqubo yokumba.Lapho i-drill bit ibhoboza i-foil yethusi kanye ne-substrate engaphansi, ukushisa okukhiqiziwe kuncibilikisa inhlaka yokwenziwa evikelayo eyakha ingxenye enkulu ye-substrate matrix, inhlaka encibilikisiwe kanye nezinye izinsalela zokumba Inqwabelana eduze kwembobo futhi imbozwe embobeni esanda kuvezwa. udonga ku-foil yethusi.Eqinisweni, lokhu kuyingozi endaweni elandelayo ye-electroplating.I-resin encibilikisiwe izophinde ishiye ungqimba lwe-shaft eshisayo odongeni lwembobo ye-substrate, ebonisa ukunamathela okungalungile kuma-activator amaningi.Lokhu kudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwekilasi lobuchwepheshe obufanayo bokususa amabala kanye ne-etch-back chemical technologies.
Indlela efaneleke kakhudlwana yokwenza i-prototyping amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe ukusebenzisa uyinki oklanywe ngokukhethekile one-viscosity ukuze kwakhe ifilimu enamathelayo futhi eqhuba kakhulu odongeni lwangaphakathi lwembobo ngayinye.Ngale ndlela, asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa izinqubo eziningi zokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali, isinyathelo esisodwa kuphela sokufaka isicelo kanye nokuphulukiswa okushisayo okulandelayo kungenza ifilimu eqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwazo zonke izindonga zembobo, ezingafakwa ngokuqondile nge-electrop ngaphandle kokwelashwa okwengeziwe.Lo uyinki uyinto esekelwe ku-resin inokunamathela okuqinile futhi ingabambelela kalula ezindongeni zezimbobo eziningi ezipholishelwe ngokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela isuse isinyathelo sokubuyela emuva.
03
Uhlobo lokuxhumanisa lwe-reel olukhethayo
Izikhonkwane nezikhonkwane zezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, njengezixhumi, amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe, ama-transistors namasekethe aphrintiwe aguquguqukayo, asebenzisa i-plating ekhethiwe ukuze uthole ukumelana okuhle kokuxhumana nokumelana nokugqwala.Le ndlela ye-electroplating ingaba ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo.Kubiza kakhulu ukukhetha iphinikhodi ngayinye, ngakho-ke i-batch welding kufanele isetshenziswe.Ngokuvamile, iziphetho ezimbili ze-foil yensimbi egoqwe ekugqineni okudingekayo ziyashaywa, zihlanzwe ngamakhemikhali noma izindlela zemishini, bese zisetshenziswa ngokukhetha njenge-nickel, igolide, isiliva, i-rhodium, inkinobho noma i-tin-nickel alloy, i-copper-nickel alloy. , ingxubevange ye-nickel-lead, njll. ye-electroplating eqhubekayo.Endleleni ye-electroplating yokucwenga okukhethiwe, qala ngokugcoba ungqimba lwefilimu yokumelana engxenyeni yebhodi lensimbi yethusi elingadingi ukuthi lifakwe ugesi, bese ufaka i-electroplating engxenyeni ekhethiwe ye-copper foil.
04
Ibhulashi lokucwenga
"I-Brush plating" iyindlela ye-electrodeposition, lapho kungezona zonke izingxenye ezicwiliswa ku-electrolyte.Kulolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe be-electroplating, indawo elinganiselwe kuphela i-electroplated, futhi akukho mphumela kokunye.Imvamisa, izinsimbi ezingavamile zigqitshwa ezingxenyeni ezikhethiwe zebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe, njengezindawo ezifana nezixhumi zonqenqema lwebhodi.I-brush plating isetshenziswa kakhulu lapho kulungiswa amabhodi esifunda alahliwe ezitolo ze-electronic assembly.Goqa i-anode ekhethekile (i-anode engasebenzi ngamakhemikhali, njengegraphite) endaweni emuncayo (i-cotton swab), bese uyisebenzisela ukuletha isisombululo se-electroplating endaweni lapho kudingeka khona i-electroplating.
5. Ukufakwa kwezintambo ngesandla kanye nokucutshungulwa kwamasignali abalulekile
Ukufaka izintambo ngesandla kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokuklama ibhodi lesifunda ephrintiwe manje nasesikhathini esizayo.Ukusebenzisa izintambo ezenziwa ngesandla kusiza amathuluzi ezintambo ezizenzakalelayo ukuze uqedele umsebenzi wokufaka izintambo.Ngokuhambisa umzila nokulungisa inethiwekhi ekhethiwe (inethi), indlela engasetshenziselwa umzila ozenzakalelayo ingakhiwa.
Amasignali okhiye afakwa izintambo kuqala, ngokuzenzela noma ahlanganiswe namathuluzi okufaka izintambo okuzenzakalelayo.Ngemva kokuba i-wiring isiqediwe, ubunjiniyela obufanele kanye nabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe bazohlola izintambo zesignali.Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlolwa kudlulisiwe, izintambo zizolungiswa, bese izimpawu ezisele zizofakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.Ngenxa yobukhona be-impedance ocingweni lomhlabathi, kuzoletha ukuphazamiseka okuvamile kwe-impedance kumjikelezo.
Ngakho-ke, ungaxhumi ngokungahleliwe noma yimaphi amaphuzu anezimpawu zokumisa phansi ngesikhathi sezintambo, ezingase zikhiqize ukuhlanganisa okuyingozi futhi zithinte ukusebenza kwesifunda.Kumafrikhwensi aphezulu, i-inductance yocingo izoba ngama-oda amaningana amakhulu kunokumelana nocingo ngokwalo.Ngalesi sikhathi, ngisho noma i-high-frequency yamanje encane igeleza ngocingo, ukwehla okuthile kwe-voltage ephezulu kakhulu kuzokwenzeka.
Ngakho-ke, kumasekhethi anemvamisa ephezulu, ukwakheka kwe-PCB kufanele kuhlelwe ngokubumbana ngangokunokwenzeka futhi izintambo eziphrintiwe kufanele zibe zifushane ngangokunokwenzeka.Kukhona inductance mutual kanye capacitance phakathi kwezintambo eziphrintiwe.Uma i-frequency yokusebenza inkulu, izodala ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izingxenye, okubizwa ngokuthi i-parasitic coupling interference.
Izindlela zokuvimbela zingase zithathwe:
① Zama ukufinyeza izintambo zesignali phakathi kwawo wonke amazinga;
②Hlela wonke amazinga wamasekhethi ngokulandelana kwamasignali ukuze ugweme ukuwela izinga ngalinye lemigqa yesignali;
③Izintambo zamaphaneli amabili ancikene kufanele zibe yi-perpendicular noma ziwela, zingahambelani;
④ Uma izintambo zesiginali kufanele zibekwe ngokuhambisana ebhodini, lezi zintambo kufanele zihlukaniswe ibanga elithile ngangokunokwenzeka, noma zihlukaniswe izintambo eziphansi nezintambo zamandla ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuvikela.
6. Izintambo ezizenzakalelayo
Ukuze uthole izintambo zamasignali okhiye, udinga ukucabangela ukulawula ezinye izimiso zikagesi phakathi nezintambo, njengokunciphisa i-inductance esabalalisiwe, njll. Ngemva kokuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlaka zokufaka ithuluzi lezintambo ezizenzakalelayo nomthelela wamapharamitha okokufaka kuzintambo, ikhwalithi izintambo ezizenzakalelayo zingatholakala ngezinga elithile Isiqinisekiso.Imithetho evamile kufanele isetshenziswe lapho kuthuthwa amasignali ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ngokusetha izimo zokuvinjelwa nokuvimbela izindawo zezintambo ukuze kukhawulwe izendlalelo ezisetshenziswa isignali enikeziwe kanye nenani lama-vias asetshenzisiwe, ithuluzi lokufaka izintambo lingakwazi ukuhambisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izintambo ngokwemibono kanjiniyela yokuklama.Ngemva kokusetha izithiyo nokusebenzisa imithetho edaliwe, umzila ozenzakalelayo uzofinyelela imiphumela efana nemiphumela elindelekile.Ngemuva kokuthi ingxenye yomklamo isiqediwe, izolungiswa ukuze ivinjwe ukuthi ingathinteki yinqubo elandelayo yomzila.
Inombolo ye-wiring incike kubunzima besifunda kanye nenani lemithetho ejwayelekile echazwe.Amathuluzi anamuhla okufaka izintambo okuzenzakalelayo anamandla kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile angaqedela u-100% wezintambo.Kodwa-ke, lapho ithuluzi lezintambo ezizenzakalelayo lingaqedanga zonke izintambo zesignali, kuyadingeka ukuhambisa amasignali asele ngesandla.
7. Ukuhlelwa kwezintambo
Kwamanye amasignali anezingqinamba ezimbalwa, ubude bezintambo bude kakhulu.Ngalesi sikhathi, ungakwazi kuqala ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-wiring enengqondo nokuthi iyiphi i-wiring engenangqondo, bese uhlela mathupha ukuze unciphise ubude bezintambo zesignali futhi unciphise inani le-vias.