1. Chinangwa chePCB dhizaini chinofanira kuve chakajeka.Kune mitsetse yakakosha yechiratidzo, kureba kwewaya uye kugadzirisa zvishwe zvepasi kunofanirwa kuve kwakasimba.Kune yakaderera-kumhanya uye isina kukosha mitsetse yechiratidzo, inogona kuiswa pane yakaderera zvishoma wiring pamberi..Zvikamu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira: kupatsanurwa kwemagetsi;kureba zvinodiwa zvemitsetse yewachi yekurangarira, mitsara yekudzora uye mitsara yedata;wiring ye-high-speed differential mitsara, nezvimwewo Muchirongwa A, memory chip inoshandiswa kuona DDR memory nehukuru hwe1G.Iyo wiring yechikamu ichi yakakosha zvikuru.Iyo topology yekugovera mitsara yekudzora uye kero mitsara, uye kureba mutsauko wekutonga kwemitsara yedata uye wachi wachi inofanirwa kutariswa.Mukuita, maererano nedheti re data ye chip uye chaiyo yekushanda frequency, iyo chaiyo wiring mitemo inogona kuwanikwa.Semuenzaniso, kureba kwemitsara yedata muboka rimwechete haifanire kusiyana neanopfuura mils akati wandei, uye mutsauko wehurefu pakati pegwara rega rega haufanire kudarika mangani mamil.mil zvichingodaro.Kana izvi zvinodiwa zvikatemwa, vagadziri vePCB vanogona kudiwa zvakajeka kuti vazviite.Kana zvese zvakakosha zvekufambisa zvinodiwa mudhizaini zviri pachena, zvinogona kushandurwa kuita zvipingaidzo zvenzira, uye otomatiki yenzira yekushandisa software muCAD inogona kushandiswa kuona dhizaini yePCB.Iyo zvakare inzira yekusimudzira mune yakakwirira-kumhanya PCB dhizaini.

2. Kuongorora uye kugadzirisa Paunenge uchigadzirira kugadzirisa bhodhi, iva nechokwadi chekunyatsoongorora maonero ekutanga, tarisa kana pane anooneka mapfupi maseketi uye pini kukundikana kwepini panguva yekugadzira solder, uye tarisa kana pane zvikamu zvezvikamu zvakaiswa Zvikanganiso, kuiswa zvisirizvo. yepini yekutanga, gungano rakashaikwa, nezvimwewo, uye wozoshandisa multimeter kuyera kupikisa kwega rega remagetsi kusvika pasi kuti uone kana paine pfupi pfupi.Iyi tsika yakanaka inogona kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwebhodhi mushure mekumhanyisa simba.Mukuita debugging, unofanira kuva nepfungwa dzine rugare.Zvakajairika kusangana nematambudziko.Chii chaunofanira kuita ndechekuwedzera kuenzanisa uye kuongorora, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kubvisa zvikonzero zvinogona kuitika.Unofanira kutenda zvakasimba kuti “zvinhu zvose zvinogona kugadziriswa” uye “zvinetso zvinofanira kugadziriswa.”Pane chikonzero chazvo ”, kuitira kuti debugging ibudirire mukupedzisira. .

3. Mamwe mazwi ekupfupisa Iye zvino kubva kune unyanzvi hwemaonero, chigadzirwa chega chega chinogona kupedzisira chaitwa, asi kubudirira kwepurojekiti kunobva kwete chete pakugadzirwa kweunyanzvi, asiwo panguva yekupedzisa, chigadzirwa chemhando, chikwata Naizvozvo, kushanda zvakanaka kweboka, kutaurirana kwakajeka uye kwakajeka kweprojekiti, kutsvagisa kwakadzama uye kuronga kwekusimudzira, uye zvinhu zvakawanda uye kurongeka kwevashandi kunogona kuve nechokwadi chekubudirira kweprojekiti.Injiniya yakanaka yehardware ndiye maneja weprojekiti.Iye / iye anofanirwa kutaurirana nenyika dzekunze kuti awane zvinodikanwa zvezvigadziriso zvavo, uye obva apfupisa nekuzviongorora mune chaiyo hardware mashandisirwo.Izvo zvinodiwawo kubata vazhinji chip uye mhinduro vatengesi kuti vasarudze iyo yakakodzera mhinduro.Kana iyo dhizaini yapera, anofanirwa kuronga vaanoshanda navo kuti vabatane nekuongorora nekuongorora, uye zvakare kushanda nemainjiniya eCAD kupedzisa dhizaini yePCB..Panguva imwecheteyo, gadzirira rondedzero yeBOM, tanga kutenga nekugadzirira zvinhu, uye bata mugadziri wekugadzirisa kuti apedze kuiswa kwebhodhi.Mukuita debugging, anofanirwa kuronga mainjiniya esoftware kugadzirisa matambudziko akakosha pamwe chete, kushandirapamwe nemainjiniya ekuyedza kugadzirisa matambudziko anowanikwa muyedzo, uye kumirira kusvika chigadzirwa chavhurwa kunzvimbo.Kana pane dambudziko, rinoda kutsigirwa nenguva.Naizvozvo, kuti uve mugadziri wehardware, unofanirwa kushandisa hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana, kugona kugadzirisa kumanikidza, kugona kuronga uye kuita sarudzo paunenge uchibata nezviitiko zvakawanda panguva imwe chete, uye mafungiro akanaka uye ane rugare.Kune zvakare hanya uye kukomba, nekuti kuregeredza kudiki mukugadzirwa kwehardware kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi.Semuenzaniso, apo bhodhi rakagadzirwa uye zvinyorwa zvekugadzira zvakapedzwa zvisati zvaitika, misoperation yakaita kuti simba remagetsi uye pasi pasi ribatanidzwe.Panguva imwecheteyo, mushure mekunge bhodhi rePCB ragadzirwa, rakaiswa zvakananga pamutsetse wekugadzira pasina kuongororwa.Yakanga iri panguva yekuedzwa iyo dambudziko redunhu repfupi rakawanikwa, asi zvikamu zvakatotengeswa kubhodhi, zvichiita kuti mazana ezviuru zvekurasikirwa.Naizvozvo, kunyatsoongorora uye kwakadzama kuongorora, kuyedzwa kwemutoro, uye kudzidza kusingadzoreki uye kuunganidza kunogona kuita kuti mugadziri wehardware aenderere mberi, obva aita zvimwe budiriro muindasitiri.

1. Chinangwa chePCB dhizaini chinofanira kuve chakajeka.Kune mitsetse yakakosha yechiratidzo, kureba kwewaya uye kugadzirisa zvishwe zvepasi kunofanirwa kuve kwakasimba.Kune yakaderera-kumhanya uye isina kukosha mitsetse yechiratidzo, inogona kuiswa pane yakaderera zvishoma wiring pamberi..Zvikamu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira: kupatsanurwa kwemagetsi;kureba zvinodiwa zvemitsetse yewachi yekurangarira, mitsara yekudzora uye mitsara yedata;wiring ye-high-speed differential mitsara, nezvimwewo Muchirongwa A, memory chip inoshandiswa kuona DDR memory nehukuru hwe1G.Iyo wiring yechikamu ichi yakakosha zvikuru.Iyo topology yekugovera mitsara yekudzora uye kero mitsara, uye kureba mutsauko wekutonga kwemitsara yedata uye wachi wachi inofanirwa kutariswa.Mukuita, maererano nedheti re data ye chip uye chaiyo yekushanda frequency, iyo chaiyo wiring mitemo inogona kuwanikwa.Semuenzaniso, kureba kwemitsara yedata muboka rimwechete haifanire kusiyana neanopfuura mils akati wandei, uye mutsauko wehurefu pakati pegwara rega rega haufanire kudarika mangani mamil.mil zvichingodaro.Kana izvi zvinodiwa zvikatemwa, vagadziri vePCB vanogona kudiwa zvakajeka kuti vazviite.Kana zvese zvakakosha zvekufambisa zvinodiwa mudhizaini zviri pachena, zvinogona kushandurwa kuita zvipingaidzo zvenzira, uye otomatiki yenzira yekushandisa software muCAD inogona kushandiswa kuona dhizaini yePCB.Iyo zvakare inzira yekusimudzira mune yakakwirira-kumhanya PCB dhizaini.

2. Kuongorora uye kugadzirisa Paunenge uchigadzirira kugadzirisa bhodhi, iva nechokwadi chekunyatsoongorora maonero ekutanga, tarisa kana pane anooneka mapfupi maseketi uye pini kukundikana kwepini panguva yekugadzira solder, uye tarisa kana pane zvikamu zvezvikamu zvakaiswa Zvikanganiso, kuiswa zvisirizvo. yepini yekutanga, gungano rakashaikwa, nezvimwewo, uye wozoshandisa multimeter kuyera kupikisa kwega rega remagetsi kusvika pasi kuti uone kana paine pfupi pfupi.Iyi tsika yakanaka inogona kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwebhodhi mushure mekumhanyisa simba.Mukuita debugging, unofanira kuva nepfungwa dzine rugare.Zvakajairika kusangana nematambudziko.Chii chaunofanira kuita ndechekuwedzera kuenzanisa uye kuongorora, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kubvisa zvikonzero zvinogona kuitika.Unofanira kutenda zvakasimba kuti “zvinhu zvose zvinogona kugadziriswa” uye “zvinetso zvinofanira kugadziriswa.”Pane chikonzero chazvo ”, kuitira kuti debugging ibudirire mukupedzisira. .

3. Mamwe mazwi ekupfupisa Iye zvino kubva kune unyanzvi hwemaonero, chigadzirwa chega chega chinogona kupedzisira chaitwa, asi kubudirira kwepurojekiti kunobva kwete chete pakugadzirwa kweunyanzvi, asiwo panguva yekupedzisa, chigadzirwa chemhando, chikwata Naizvozvo, kushanda zvakanaka kweboka, kutaurirana kwakajeka uye kwakajeka kweprojekiti, kutsvagisa kwakadzama uye kuronga kwekusimudzira, uye zvinhu zvakawanda uye kurongeka kwevashandi kunogona kuve nechokwadi chekubudirira kweprojekiti.Injiniya yakanaka yehardware ndiye maneja weprojekiti.Iye / iye anofanirwa kutaurirana nenyika dzekunze kuti awane zvinodikanwa zvezvigadziriso zvavo, uye obva apfupisa nekuzviongorora mune chaiyo hardware mashandisirwo.Izvo zvinodiwawo kubata vazhinji chip uye mhinduro vatengesi kuti vasarudze iyo yakakodzera mhinduro.Kana iyo dhizaini yapera, anofanirwa kuronga vaanoshanda navo kuti vabatane nekuongorora nekuongorora, uye zvakare kushanda nemainjiniya eCAD kupedzisa dhizaini yePCB..Panguva imwecheteyo, gadzirira rondedzero yeBOM, tanga kutenga nekugadzirira zvinhu, uye bata mugadziri wekugadzirisa kuti apedze kuiswa kwebhodhi.Mukuita debugging, anofanirwa kuronga mainjiniya esoftware kugadzirisa matambudziko akakosha pamwe chete, kushandirapamwe nemainjiniya ekuyedza kugadzirisa matambudziko anowanikwa muyedzo, uye kumirira kusvika chigadzirwa chavhurwa kunzvimbo.Kana pane dambudziko, rinoda kutsigirwa nenguva.Naizvozvo, kuti uve mugadziri wehardware, unofanirwa kushandisa hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana, kugona kugadzirisa kumanikidza, kugona kuronga uye kuita sarudzo paunenge uchibata nezviitiko zvakawanda panguva imwe chete, uye mafungiro akanaka uye ane rugare.Kune zvakare hanya uye kukomba, nekuti kuregeredza kudiki mukugadzirwa kwehardware kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi.Semuenzaniso, apo bhodhi rakagadzirwa uye zvinyorwa zvekugadzira zvakapedzwa zvisati zvaitika, misoperation yakaita kuti simba remagetsi uye pasi pasi ribatanidzwe.Panguva imwecheteyo, mushure mekunge bhodhi rePCB ragadzirwa, rakaiswa zvakananga pamutsetse wekugadzira pasina kuongororwa.Yakanga iri panguva yekuedzwa iyo dambudziko redunhu repfupi rakawanikwa, asi zvikamu zvakatotengeswa kubhodhi, zvichiita kuti mazana ezviuru zvekurasikirwa.Naizvozvo, kunyatsoongorora uye kwakadzama kuongorora, kuyedzwa kwemutoro, uye kudzidza kusingadzoreki uye kuunganidza kunogona kuita kuti mugadziri wehardware aenderere mberi, obva aita zvimwe budiriro muindasitiri.