Kwinkqubo yokufunda yoyilo lwePCB olunesantya esiphezulu, i-crosstalk ngumbono obalulekileyo ekufuneka uqondwe.Yeyona ndlela iphambili yokusasazwa kokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic.Imigca yesiginali engahambelaniyo, iilayini zolawulo, kunye ne-I\O namazibuko ahanjiswa ngendlela.I-Crosstalk inokubangela imisebenzi engaqhelekanga yeesekethe okanye amacandelo.
Crosstalk
Ibhekisa kuphazamiseko lwengxolo yamandla ombane engafunekiyo yemigca yothumelo ekufutshane ngenxa yokudityaniswa kombane wombane xa umqondiso usasaza kumgca wothumelo.Oku kuphazamiseka kubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa okufanayo kunye nokukwazi ukuhambelana phakathi kwemigca yokuhambisa.Iiparamitha ze-PCB layer, isithuba somgca wesignali, iimpawu zombane zesiphelo sokuqhuba kunye nesiphelo sokufumana, kunye nendlela yokuphelisa umgca zonke zinempembelelo ethile kwi-crosstalk.
Amanyathelo aphambili okoyisa i-crosstalk ngala:
Ukwandisa izithuba zeengcingo ezihambelanayo kwaye ulandele umthetho we-3W;
Faka ucingo lokuzahlula olusezantsi phakathi kweengcingo ezinxuseneyo;
Nciphisa umgama phakathi koluhlu lwe-wiring kunye nendiza yomhlaba.
Ukunciphisa i-crosstalk phakathi kwemigca, isithuba somgca kufuneka sibe sikhulu ngokwaneleyo.Xa isithuba seziko lomgca singekho ngaphantsi kwama-3 ububanzi bomgca, i-70% yendawo yombane inokugcinwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okufanayo, okubizwa ngokuba ngumthetho we-3W.Ukuba ufuna ukufezekisa i-98% yendawo yombane ngaphandle kokuphazamisana, ungasebenzisa isithuba se-10W.
Qaphela: Kuyilo lwePCB oluyinyani, umthetho we-3W awunakuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokuthintela ukungqubana.
Iindlela zokunqanda i-crosstalk kwi-PCB
Ukunqanda ukungqubana kwiPCB, iinjineli zinokuthathela ingqalelo kwimiba yoyilo lwePCB kunye noyilo, olunje:
1. Hlela uchungechunge lwesixhobo se-logic ngokomsebenzi kwaye ugcine isakhiwo sebhasi phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo.
2. Nciphisa umgama womzimba phakathi kwamacandelo.
3. Imigca yomqondiso wesantya esiphezulu kunye namacandelo (afana ne-crystal oscillators) kufuneka abe kude kwi-interface ye-I / () yokudibanisa kunye nezinye iindawo ezithintekayo ekuphazamisekeni kwedatha kunye nokudibanisa.
4. Nika ukupheliswa okuchanekileyo kumgca wesantya esiphezulu.
5. Ziphephe imikhondo emide ehambelanayo enye kwenye kwaye inike isithuba esaneleyo phakathi kweetrayisi ukunciphisa ukudibanisa oku-inductive.
6. I-wiring kwiileya ezikufutshane (i-microstrip okanye i-stripline) kufuneka ibe yi-perpendicular omnye komnye ukuthintela ukudibanisa kwe-capacitive phakathi kweeleya.
7. Nciphisa umgama phakathi komqondiso kunye nenqwelomoya ephantsi.
8. Ukwahlula kunye nokuhlukaniswa kwemithombo yokukhutshwa kwengxolo ephezulu (iwashi, i-I / O, i-high-speed interconnection), kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo zihanjiswa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo.
9. Ukwandisa umgama phakathi kwemigca yesignali kangangoko kunokwenzeka, enokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-capacitive crosstalk.
10. Ukunciphisa i-lead inductance, ugweme ukusebenzisa imithwalo ephezulu kakhulu ye-impedance kunye nemithwalo ye-impedance ephantsi kakhulu kwisekethe, kwaye uzame ukuzinzisa i-impedance yomthwalo wesiphaluka se-analog phakathi kwe-loQ kunye ne-lokQ.Ngenxa yokuba umthwalo ophezulu we-impedance uya kwandisa i-capacitive crosstalk, xa usebenzisa umthwalo ophezulu we-impedance, ngenxa ye-voltage ephezulu yokusebenza, i-capacitive crosstalk iya kwanda, kwaye xa usebenzisa umthwalo ophantsi kakhulu we-impedance, ngenxa yokusebenza kwangoku okukhulu, i-Crosstalk inductive iya kunyuka. Nyusa.
11. Lungiselela umqondiso wexesha eliphezulu onesantya esiphezulu kumaleko angaphakathi ePCB.
12. Sebenzisa iteknoloji yokulinganisa i-impedance ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwesignali yesatifikethi se-BT kunye nokuthintela ukugqithisa.
13. Qaphela ukuba imiqondiso enemida yokunyuka ngokukhawuleza (tr≤3ns), yenza inkqubo ye-anti-crosstalk njengomhlaba wokusonga, kwaye ulungiselele imigca yesignali ephazamiseke yi-EFT1B okanye i-ESD kwaye ayizange ihluzwe emdeni we-PCB. .
14. Sebenzisa inqwelomoya ephantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Umgca wesignali osebenzisa inqwelomoya ephantsi uya kufumana i-15-20dB yokunciphisa xa kuthelekiswa nomgca wesignali ongasebenzisi indiza yomhlaba.
15. Iimpawu ze-Signal high-frequency signals kunye neempawu ezithintekayo zicutshungulwa ngomhlaba, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bomhlaba kwiphaneli ephindwe kabini kuya kufezekisa i-10-15dB yokunciphisa.
16. Sebenzisa iingcingo ezilungeleleneyo, iingcingo ezikhuselweyo okanye i-coaxial ingcingo.
17. Hlunga imigca yemiqondiso yokuxhatshazwa kunye nemigca ebuthathaka.
18. Cwangcisa iileya kunye ne-wiring ngokufanelekileyo, setha i-wiring layer kunye ne-wiring spacing ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ubude beempawu ezihambelanayo, nciphisa umgama phakathi komgca wesignali kunye nomgca wendiza, ukwandisa isithuba semigca yesignali, kunye nokunciphisa ubude be-parallel. imigca yesignali (ngaphakathi koluhlu lobude obubalulekileyo) , La manyathelo anokunciphisa ngempumelelo i-crosstalk.