Raws li daim duab kos duab tsim, kev simulation tuaj yeem ua tau thiab PCB tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv Gerber / laum.Txawm li cas los xij tus tsim, engineers yuav tsum to taub raws nraim li cas cov circuits (thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob) yuav tsum tau muab tso tawm thiab lawv ua haujlwm li cas.Rau cov kws tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, nrhiav cov cuab yeej software tsim nyog rau PCB tsim tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyuaj.Cov cuab yeej software uas ua haujlwm zoo rau ib qhov project PCB yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo rau lwm tus.Cov kws tsim qauv xav tau cov cuab yeej tsim qauv uas muaj kev nkag siab zoo, muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, ruaj khov txaus los txwv kev pheej hmoo, thiab muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv muaj zog uas ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau ntau qhov haujlwm.
Hardware teeb meem
Rau cov haujlwm iot, kev sib koom ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo hauv PCBS xav kom cov neeg tsim qauv iot los kawm txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam hluav taws xob thiab kev siv tshuab ntawm kev tsim.Tshwj xeeb, raws li qhov loj me me txuas ntxiv mus, hluav taws xob cua sov ntawm PCBS tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kev xav tau ua haujlwm tau nce.Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo raws li kev tsim qauv, qhov kub thiab txias teb, tus cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, thiab kev tswj xyuas thermal tag nrho yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub system.
PCB yuav tsum raug cais tawm kom muaj kev tiv thaiv.Kev tiv thaiv luv luv yog tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov kab tooj liab tso rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm los tsim cov tshuab hluav taws xob.Piv nrog rau cov nqi qis xws li cov ntaub nplaum hluavtaws (SRBP, FR-1, FR-2), FR-4 yog qhov tsim nyog dua li cov khoom siv substrate vim nws lub cev / tshuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj peev xwm khaws cov ntaub ntawv siab. frequencies, nws lub siab kub tsis kam, thiab qhov tseeb tias nws absorbs dej tsawg dua lwm cov ntaub ntawv.FR-4 yog dav siv nyob rau hauv high-end tsev nrog rau cov khoom siv thiab tub rog.Nws yog sib xws nrog ultra-siab rwb thaiv tsev (ultra-high nqus los yog UHV).
Txawm li cas los xij, FR-4 raws li PCB substrate ntsib ntau qhov kev txwv, uas yog los ntawm kev kho tshuaj siv hauv kev tsim khoom.Hauv tshwj xeeb, cov khoom yog nquag tsim ntawm inclusions ( npuas) thiab streaks (ntev npuas), nrog rau deformation ntawm iav fiber.Cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog dielectric tsis sib haum thiab cuam tshuam PCB thaiv kev ua haujlwm.Cov khoom siv iav epoxy tshiab daws cov teeb meem no.
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv siv feem ntau suav nrog polyimide / iav fiber ntau (uas txhawb kev kub siab dua thiab nyuaj dua) thiab KAPTON ( yoog raws, hnav, haum rau kev siv xws li cov lus qhia thiab cov keyboards).Cov yam tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog thaum xaiv cov khoom siv dielectric (substrates) suav nrog coefficient ntawm thermal expansion (CTE), iav hloov kub (Tg), thermal conductivity, thiab mechanical rigidity.
Tub rog / aerospace PCBS yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tsim kev txiav txim siab raws li layout specifications thiab 100% Design for Test (DFT) kev pab them nqi.MIL-STD-883 tus qauv tsim cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev sim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob microelectronic tsim nyog rau cov tub rog thiab aerospace systems, suav nrog kev sim tshuab thiab hluav taws xob, kev tsim khoom thiab kev cob qhia cov txheej txheem, thiab lwm yam kev tswj xyuas kom ua tau raws qib zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab thoob plaws hauv lub cev.Ntau yam kev siv ntawm cov khoom siv zoo li no.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua kom tau raws li ntau yam qauv, kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsheb yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai, xws li AEC-Q100 kev ntsuas tshuab thiab hluav taws xob rau kev ntim khoom sib xyaw ua ke.Cov teebmeem Crosstalk tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tsheb.Txhawm rau txo cov teebmeem no, PCB tus tsim qauv yuav tsum qhia qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kab teeb liab thiab kab hluav taws xob.Kev tsim qauv thiab kev tsim qauv tsim tau yooj yim los ntawm cov cuab yeej software uas tau qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv tsim uas xav tau kev hloov kho ntxiv kom ua tau raws li cov kev txwv cuam tshuam thiab cov cua kub dissipation kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm.
Nco tseg:
Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Circuit Court nws tus kheej tsis yog kev hem thawj rau cov teeb liab zoo.Lub PCB nyob rau hauv lub tsheb yog bombarded nrog suab nrov, uas cuam tshuam nrog lub cev nyob rau hauv txoj kev nyuaj induce tsis xav tau tam sim no nyob rau hauv Circuit Court.Voltage spikes thiab fluctuations tshwm sim los ntawm automotive ignition systems tuaj yeem thawb cov khoom kom deb tshaj lawv cov machining tolerances.
Software teeb meem
Niaj hnub no PCB layout cov cuab yeej yuav tsum muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ua ke kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv.Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog yuav tsum yog thawj qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv PCB tsim thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob raug saib xyuas.Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm Mentor Graphics, OrCAD Systems, thiab Altium yog cov cuab yeej PCB layout niaj hnub no.
Altium Designer
Altium Designer yog ib qho ntawm high-end PCB tsim pob ntawm kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no.Nrog tsis siv neeg xaim muaj nuj nqi, kev txhawb nqa rau kab ntev hloov thiab 3D qauv.Altium Designer suav nrog cov cuab yeej rau txhua qhov kev tsim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, los ntawm schematic capture rau HDL nrog rau kev simulation Circuit Court, teeb liab tsom xam, PCB tsim, thiab FPGA embedded txoj kev loj hlob
Tus cob qhia Graphics 'PCB layout platform hais txog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas ntsib cov neeg tsim qauv niaj hnub no: muaj tseeb, kev ua tau zoo - thiab rov siv cov phiaj xwm nested;Kev ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv tuab thiab nyuaj topologies;Thiab electromechanical optimization.Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub platform thiab ib qho tseem ceeb innovation rau kev lag luam yog Sketch Router, uas muab cov neeg tsim qauv kev sib tham tag nrho ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis siv neeg / kev pab cuam uncoiling, ua tau zoo tib yam li phau ntawv uncoiling, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau tsawg lub sij hawm.
OrCAD PCB Editor
OrCAD PCB Editor yog ib qho chaw sib tham sib tsim tsim rau pawg thawj coj saib ntawm txhua qib kev, los ntawm qhov yooj yim mus rau complex.Vim nws qhov tseeb scalability rau Cadence Allegro PCB Designer's PCB cov kev daws teeb meem, OrCAD PCB Editor txhawb kev txhim kho kev tsim cov pab pawg thiab muaj peev xwm tswj hwm cov kev txwv (kev kub ceev, teeb liab kev ncaj ncees, thiab lwm yam) thaum tuav tib lub graphical interface thiab cov ntaub ntawv hom.
Gerber cov ntaub ntawv
Kev lag luam tus qauv Gerber cov ntaub ntawv yog siv los qhia cov ntaub ntawv tsim rau PCB ntau lawm.Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, Gerber zoo ib yam li PDFS hauv electronics;Nws tsuas yog ib hom ntawv me me uas sau ua ib hom lus sib xyaw tshuab.Cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los ntawm Circuit Court breaker software thiab xa mus rau PCB chaw tsim tshuaj paus mus rau CAM software.
Kev nyab xeeb kev sib koom ua ke hauv tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv tsheb thiab lwm lub tshuab ua haujlwm nthuav qhia cov kev xav tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si kho vajtse thiab software.Cov kws tsim qauv tsim kom txo qis tus naj npawb ntawm cov qauv tsim thiab lub sijhawm txhim kho, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg tsim qauv siv kev ua haujlwm.