Crystal oscillator ndiyo kiyi mudhizaini yedhijitari dhizaini, kazhinji mudhizaini dhizaini, crystal oscillator inoshandiswa semwoyo wedunhu redhijitari, basa rese redunhu redhijitari harina kupatsanurwa kubva kuchiratidzo chewachi, uye chete crystal oscillator ndiyo bhatani rakakosha rinotonga zvakananga kutanga kwese kwehurongwa, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kana paine dhizaini yedhijitari dhizaini inogona kuona crystal oscilla.
I. Chii chinonzi crystal oscillator?
Crystal oscillator kazhinji inoreva marudzi maviri equartz crystal oscillator uye quartz crystal resonator, uye inogona zvakare kunzi zvakananga crystal oscillator. Ose ari maviri anogadzirwa uchishandisa piezoelectric mhedzisiro yemakristasi equartz.
Iyo crystal oscillator inoshanda seizvi: kana munda wemagetsi unoshandiswa kune maviri electrode ekristaro, kristaro ichaita mechanical deformation, uye zvinopesana, kana mechanical pressure inoshandiswa kumativi maviri ekristaro, kristaro ichabudisa munda wemagetsi. Chiitiko ichi chinodzorereka, saka uchishandisa hunhu hwekristaro, uchiwedzera kuchinjika kumagumo ekristaro, iyo chip inoburitsa ma mechanical vibration, uye panguva imwe chete ichigadzira minda yemagetsi. Nekudaro, iyi vibration uye yemagetsi munda inogadzirwa nekristaro kazhinji idiki, asi chero bedzi iri pane imwe frequency, iyo amplitude ichawedzerwa zvakanyanya, yakafanana neLC loop resonance iyo isu vagadziri vedunhu tinowanzoona.
II. Kurongeka kwekristaro oscillations (inoshanda uye isingaiti)
① Passive crystal oscillator
Passive crystal ikristaro, kazhinji 2-pini isiri-polar mudziyo (imwe passive crystal ine pini yakagadziriswa isina polarity).
Passive crystal oscillator kazhinji inoda kuvimba newachi yewachi inogadzirwa neyakatakura capacitor kugadzira iyo oscillating chiratidzo (sine wave chiratidzo).
② Active crystal oscillator
An active crystal oscillator is an oscillator, kazhinji ine 4 pini. Active crystal oscillator haidi iyo CPU yemukati oscillator kuburitsa sikweya-wave chiratidzo. Simba rekristaro rinoshanda rinogadzira chiratidzo chewachi.
Chiratidzo chekushanda kwekristaro oscillator yakagadzikana, hutano huri nani, uye nzira yekubatanidza iri nyore, kukanganisa kwechokwadi kuduku pane yepassive crystal oscillator, uye mutengo unodhura kudarika passive crystal oscillator.
III. Basic parameters yecrystal oscillator
Iwo akakosha maparamendi eiyo general crystal oscillator ndeaya: tembiricha yekushandisa, chaiyo kukosha, kuenzanisa capacitance, pasuru fomu, musimboti frequency uye zvichingodaro.
Iyo yepakati frequency yekristaro oscillator: Sarudzo yeiyo general crystal frequency inoenderana nezvinodiwa zveiyo frequency zvikamu, senge MCU inowanzoita renji, mazhinji acho ari kubva ku4M kusvika gumi nemaviri eM.
Crystal vibration kurongeka: kurongeka kwekristaro vibration kunowanzo ± 5PPM, ± 10PPM, ± 20PPM, ± 50PPM, nezvimwewo, high-chaiyo wachi machipisi kazhinji ari mukati ± 5PPM, uye kushandiswa kwakawanda kuchasarudza nezve ± 20PPM.
Iyo inofananidzwa capacitance ye crystal oscillator: kazhinji nekugadzirisa kukosha kwekufananidza capacitance, iyo core frequency of the crystal oscillator inogona kuchinjwa, uye ikozvino, nzira iyi inoshandiswa kugadzirisa yakakwirira-precision crystal oscillator.
Mudunhu redunhu, iyo yekumhanyisa wachi chiratidzo mutsara ine yakanyanya kukosha. Mutsara wewachi chiratidzo chinonzwisisika, uye iyo yakakwira frequency, iyo ipfupi mutsara inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kukanganisa kwechiratidzo kushoma.
Iye zvino mumasekete mazhinji, iyo crystal wachi frequency system yakakwira zvakanyanya, saka simba rekuvhiringidza maharmonics rakasimba zvakare, maharmonics anozotorwa kubva mukupinza uye kubuda mitsara miviri, asiwo kubva munzvimbo yemwaranzi, iyo zvakare inotungamira kana PCB dhizaini yekristaro oscillator isinganzwisisike, inokonzeresa nyore nyore dambudziko rakasimba rinorasika remwaranzi, uye kamwe chete inogadzirwa neimwe nzira, yakaoma kugadzirisa neimwe nzira. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kune crystal oscillator uye CLK chiratidzo chemutsara wekugadzirisa apo bhodhi rePCB rinoiswa.