Kana paine kudiwa kutsiva IC muPCB redunhu dhizaini, ngatigoverane mamwe matipi pakutsiva IC kubatsira vagadziri kuti vave vakakwana muPCB redunhu dhizaini.
1. Kutsiva kwakananga
Kutsiviwa kwakananga kunoreva kutsiva zvakananga IC yepakutanga nemamwe maIC pasina chero shanduko, uye kuita kukuru uye zviratidzo zvemuchina hazvizokanganisika mushure mekutsiva.
Nheyo yekutsiva ndeye: basa, indekisi yekuita, fomu yepasuru, kushandiswa kwepini, nhamba yepini uye kupindirana kwekutsiva IC zvakafanana.Iro basa rimwechete reIC haringorevi basa rimwe chete, asiwo yakafanana logic polarity, kureva, kubuda uye kupinza level polarity, voltage, uye ikozvino amplitude inofanira kunge yakafanana.Maitiro ekuita anoreva iyo IC's main magetsi paramita (kana main hunhu curve), yakanyanya simba dissipation, yakanyanya kushanda voltage, frequency renji, uye akasiyana masaini ekuisa uye kubuda impedance paramita yakafanana neiyo yekutanga IC.Vanotsiva vane simba shoma vanofanira kuwedzera kupisa kunyura.
01
Kutsiviwa kwemhando imwechete yeIC
Kutsiviwa kwemhando imwechete yeIC kunowanzovimbika.Paunenge uchiisa iyo yakabatanidzwa PCB wedunhu, chenjerera kuti usaite chikanganiso munzira, zvikasadaro, iyo yakabatanidzwa PCB wedunhu inogona kupiswa kana simba ravhurwa.Mamwe e-in-line simba amplifier IC ane akafanana modhi, basa, uye hunhu, asi kutungamira kwepini kurongeka kwakasiyana.Semuyenzaniso, iyo mbiri-chaneli simba amplifier ICLA4507 ine "positive" uye "negative" mapini, uye mapini ekutanga (mavara emavara kana makomba) ari munzira dzakasiyana: hapana suffix uye suffix is ”R”, IC, nezvimwewo, semuenzaniso M5115P uye M5115RP.
02
Kutsiviwa kweICs netsamba yepakutanga imwe chete uye nhamba dzakasiyana
Chero bedzi mabasa epini emhando iyi yekutsiva akanyatsofanana, iyo yemukati PCB dunhu uye magetsi paramita akasiyana zvishoma, uye anogona zvakare kutsiviwa zvakananga kune mumwe nemumwe.Semuyenzaniso: ICLA1363 uye LA1365 akaiswa muruzha, iyo yekupedzisira inowedzera Zener diode mukati meIC pini 5 pane yekutanga, uye mamwe akafanana chaizvo.
Kazhinji, iyo prefix tsamba inoratidza mugadziri uye chikamu chePCB wedunhu.Nhamba dzinotevera tsamba yeprefix dzakafanana, uye dzakawanda dzadzo dzinogona kutsiviwa zvakananga.Asi kunewo mashoma akakosha kesi.Kunyange zvazvo nhamba dzakafanana, mabasa acho akasiyana zvachose.Semuyenzaniso, HA1364 inonzwika IC, uye uPC1364 iri IC color decoding;iyo nhamba ndeye 4558, iyo 8-pini ndeyekushanda amplifier NJM4558, uye 14-pini iCD4558 digital PCB circuit;saka, zviviri izvi hazvigoni kutsiviwa zvachose.Saka tinofanira kutarisa basa repini.
Vamwe vagadziri vanounza isina kurongedzerwa IC machipi uye voagadzira kuita zvigadzirwa zvakatumidzwa zita refekitori, uye zvimwe zvakagadziridzwa zvigadzirwa zvekuvandudza mamwe ma paramita.Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinowanzodanwa nemamodheru akasiyana kana kusiyaniswa nemodhi suffixes.Semuenzaniso, AN380 uye uPC1380 inogona kutsiviwa zvakananga, uye AN5620, TEA5620, DG5620, nezvimwewo inogona kutsiviwa zvakananga.
2. Kutsiva zvisina kunanga
Indirect substitution inoreva nzira iyo IC isingagoni kutsiviwa zvakananga inzira yekushandura zvishoma peripheral PCB circuit, kushandura gadziriro yepini yepakutanga kana kuwedzera kana kubvisa zvimwe zvikamu, nezvimwewo, kuti iite IC inotsiviwa.
Kutsiva nheyo: IC inoshandiswa mukutsiva inogona kunge yakasiyana neIC yepakutanga ine mabasa epini akasiyana uye maitiro akasiyana, asi mabasa anofanira kunge akafanana uye maitiro anofanira kufanana;kushanda kwemichina yepakutanga haifaniri kukanganiswa mushure mekutsiviwa.
01
Kutsiviwa kweakasiyana akaputirwa maIC
Kune maIC machipi emhando imwe chete, asi aine akasiyana mapakeji maumbirwo, chete mapini echishandiso chitsva anofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nechimiro uye kurongeka kwepini yechigadzirwa chekutanga.Semuenzaniso, iyo AFTPCB yedunhu CA3064 uye CA3064E, yekutanga idenderedzwa pasuru ine radial pini: iyo yekupedzisira ndeye mbiri-in-mutsara epurasitiki package, hunhu hwemukati hwevaviri hwakafanana, uye vanogona kubatana zvinoenderana ne pini basa.Dual-row ICAN7114, AN7115 uye LA4100, LA4102 dzakanyanya kufanana mupakeji fomu, uye inotungamira uye yekupisa sink zvakaparadzana chaizvo 180 madhigirii.Iyo yambotaurwa AN5620 mbiri mu-mutsara 16-pini pasuru ine kupisa singi uye TEA5620 mbiri mu-mutsara 18-pini package.Pini 9 uye gumi dziri kurudyi rweiyo PCB yakabatanidzwa sedunhu, iyo yakaenzana nekupisa kwekunyura kweAN5620.Mamwe mapini ezviviri akarongwa nenzira yakafanana.Batanidza 9th uye 10th pini pasi kuti ushandise.
02
PCB redunhu mabasa akafanana asi munhu pini mabasa akasiyana lC kutsiva
Iko kutsiva kunogona kuitwa zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo paramita uye mirairo yerudzi rwega rweIC.Semuyenzaniso, iyo AGC uye vhidhiyo inobuda chiratidzo muTV ine mutsauko pakati peyakanaka uye yakaipa polarity, chero inverter yakabatana kune inobuda terminal, inogona kutsiviwa.
03
Kutsiviwa kweICs nepurasitiki yakafanana asi mabasa epini akasiyana
Rudzi urwu rwekutsiva rwunoda kushandura peripheral PCB wedunhu nepini kuronga, izvo zvinoda ruzivo rwetioretical, ruzivo rwakakwana, uye hupfumi hunoshanda ruzivo uye hunyanzvi.
04
Dzimwe tsoka dzisina chinhu hadzifanirwe kudzika pasi pasina mvumo
Mamwe mapini anotungamira mune yemukati yakaenzana PCB wedunhu uye application PCB wedunhu haina kumakwa.Kana paine mapini emutobvu asina chinhu, haafanirwe kudzika pasi pasina mvumo.Aya mapini ekutungamirira anochinjana kana mapini asara, uye dzimwe nguva anoshandiswawo sekubatanidza mukati.
05
Combination substitution
Combination replacement ndeyekubatanidza zvakare isina kukuvadzwa PCB yedunhu zvikamu zveakawanda maICs emhando imwechete kuita IC yakazara kutsiva iyo isingashande zvakanaka IC.Inoshanda zvakanyanya kana yekutanga IC isipo.Asi zvinodikanwa kuti yakanaka PCB yedunhu mukati meIC inoshandiswa inofanira kuva nepini yekubatanidza.
Kiyi yekutsiva isina kunanga ndeye kutsvaga iwo akakosha emagetsi parameters maviri maICs anotsiviwa kune imwe neimwe, iyo yemukati yakaenzana PCB wedunhu, basa repini yega yega, uye hukama hwekubatanidza pakati pezvikamu zveIC.Ngwarira mukushanda chaiko.
(1) Kutevedzana kwenhamba kweiyo yakabatanidzwa PCB yedunhu pini haifanirwe kunge yakabatana zvisizvo;
(2) Kuti uenderane nemaitiro eiyo IC yakatsiviwa, zvikamu zveparipheral PCB wedunhu zvakabatana nazvo zvinofanirwa kuchinjwa zvinoenderana;
(3) Iyo magetsi ekupa magetsi inofanirwa kuenderana neinotsiva IC.Kana magetsi emagetsi ekutanga PCB wedunhu akakwira, edza kuderedza voltage;kana iyo voltage yakaderera, zvinoenderana nekuti iyo inotsiva IC inogona kushanda;
(4) Mushure mekutsiva, iyo yakanyarara yekushanda ikozvino yeIC inofanira kuyerwa.Kana iyo yazvino yakakura kupfuura iyo yakajairika kukosha, zvinoreva kuti PCB redunhu rinogona kuzvifadza.Panguva ino, kubvisa uye kugadzirisa kunodiwa.Kana iyo pfuma yakasiyana neyekutanga, kushorwa kwemhinduro yekupikisa kunogona kugadziriswa;
(5) Mushure mekutsiva, iyo yekupinza uye yekubuda impedance yeIC inofanirwa kuenderana neyekutanga PCB wedunhu;tarisa kugona kwayo kwekutyaira;
(6) Shandisa zvizere maburi epini uye inotungamira pane yekutanga PCB redunhu bhodhi paunenge uchiita shanduko, uye ekunze anotungamira anofanirwa kuve akatsvinda uye kudzivirira kuyambuka nekumashure kuyambuka, kuitira kuti utarise uye udzivise PCB wedunhu kubva kuzvikurudzira, kunyanya kudzivirira high-frequency self-excitation;
(7) Zvakanakisa kubatanidza DC yazvino mita munhevedzano muVcc loop yemagetsi pamberi pesimba, uye tarisa kana shanduko yeiyo yakazara ikozvino yeyakabatanidzwa PCB wedunhu yakajairika kubva kuhukuru kusvika kudiki.
06
Tsiva IC ne discrete components
Dzimwe nguva zvikamu zvakasiyana zvinogona kushandiswa kutsiva chikamu chakakanganisika cheIC kudzoreredza basa rayo.Usati watsiva, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa iyo yemukati basa musimboti weIC, iyo yakajairwa voltage yepini yega yega, waveform dhayagiramu uye musimboti wekushanda wePCB wedunhu rine zvinhu zvekutenderera.Uyezve funga:
(1) Kunyangwe iyo chiratidzo inogona kubviswa kubva kubasa C uye yakabatana kune yekuisa terminal yeperipheral PCB wedunhu:
(2) Kunyangwe iyo siginecha yakagadziridzwa neiyo peripheral PCB wedunhu inogona kubatanidzwa kune inotevera nhanho mukati meiyo yakabatanidzwa PCB reketi reprocessing (iyo chiratidzo chekufananidza panguva yekubatanidza haifanire kukanganisa maparamita ayo makuru nekuita).Kana iyo yepakati amplifier IC ikakuvadzwa, kubva kune yakajairwa application PCB dunhu uye yemukati PCB dunhu, inoumbwa neyekuteerera yepakati amplifier, frequency rusarura uye frequency kuwedzera.Iyo nzira yekuisa chiratidzo inogona kushandiswa kutsvaga chikamu chakakanganisika.Kana iyo odhiyo amplifier chikamu chakakuvadzwa, discrete zvikamu zvinogona kushandiswa panzvimbo.