A cikin tsarin ƙirar PCB, rarraba wutar lantarki ko rarraba jirgin sama zai kai ga jirgin da bai cika ba.Ta wannan hanyar, lokacin da aka kunna siginar, jirgin nasa zai tashi daga wannan jirgin zuwa wani jirgin wuta.Ana kiran wannan al'amari na rarraba sigina.
Zane-zane na abubuwan al'amuran ƙetare-ɓangare
Ƙimar ƙetare, don ƙananan sigina na sauri na iya samun dangantaka, amma a cikin tsarin siginar siginar dijital mai sauri, sigina mai girma yana ɗaukar jirgin sama a matsayin hanyar dawowa, wato, hanyar dawowa.Lokacin da jirgin sama na tunani bai cika ba, abubuwan da ba su da kyau za su faru: rarrabuwa na giciye bazai dace da sigina masu sauri ba, amma a cikin tsarin siginar sigina mai sauri, sigina mai sauri suna ɗaukar jirgin sama mai mahimmanci azaman hanyar dawowa, cewa shine, hanyar dawowa.Lokacin da jirgin sama bai cika ba, illa masu zuwa zasu faru:
l Katsewar rashin ƙarfi wanda ke haifar da guduwar waya;
l Sauƙi don haifar da zance tsakanin sigina;
l Yana haifar da tunani tsakanin sigina;
l Ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan fitarwa yana da sauƙi don oscillate ta hanyar haɓaka yankin madauki na halin yanzu da inductance na madauki.
l Tsangwamawar radiation zuwa sararin samaniya yana ƙaruwa kuma filin maganadisu a sararin samaniya yana da sauƙin tasiri.
l Ƙara yuwuwar haɗaɗɗen maganadisu tare da sauran da'irori akan jirgi;
l Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai girma a kan inductor na madauki ya ƙunshi tushen hasken yanayi na yau da kullum, wanda ke samuwa ta hanyar kebul na waje.
Don haka, wayar PCB yakamata ta kasance kusa da jirgin sama sosai, kuma a guji rarrabuwa.Idan ya zama dole don ƙetare rarraba ko ba zai iya zama kusa da jirgin sama na wutar lantarki ba, waɗannan sharuɗɗan ana ba da izini ne kawai a cikin ƙananan siginar sigina.
Sarrafa ɓangarorin cikin ƙira
Idan rabe-raben giciye ba makawa ne a ƙirar PCB, ta yaya za a magance shi?A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar gyara sashin don samar da gajeriyar hanyar dawowa don siginar.Hanyoyin sarrafawa na gama gari sun haɗa da ƙara capacitor mai gyarawa da haye gadar waya.
l Stiching Capacitor
0402 ko 0603 yumbu capacitor mai ƙarfin 0.01uF ko 0.1uF yawanci ana sanya shi a sashin giciyen siginar.Idan sarari ya ba da izini, ana iya ƙara ƙarin irin waɗannan capacitors.
A lokaci guda kuma, yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa siginar siginar tana cikin kewayon ƙarfin ɗinki na 200mil, kuma ƙaramin nesa, mafi kyau;Cibiyoyin sadarwa a ƙarshen capacitor bi da bi sun yi daidai da cibiyoyin sadarwa na jirgin sama wanda sigina ke wucewa.Duba cibiyoyin sadarwar da aka haɗe a ƙarshen capacitor a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.Hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban guda biyu da aka haskaka cikin launuka biyu sune:
lGada akan waya
Yana da na kowa zuwa "tsarin ƙasa" siginar a fadin rabe-raben siginar siginar, kuma yana iya zama sauran layin siginar cibiyar sadarwa, layin "ƙasa" mai kauri kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Ƙwarewar sigina mai saurin gudu
a)multilayer interconnected
Matsakaicin siginar sigina mai saurin gudu sau da yawa yana da babban haɗin kai, babban adadin wayoyi, yin amfani da allon multilayer ba wai kawai wajibi ne don yin wayoyi ba, har ma da ingantacciyar hanyar rage tsangwama.
Madaidaicin zaɓi na yadudduka na iya rage girman allon bugu, yana iya yin cikakken amfani da tsaka-tsaki don saita garkuwa, zai iya fahimtar ƙasan da ke kusa, zai iya rage tasirin inductance yadda ya kamata, zai iya rage saurin watsa siginar yadda ya kamata. , zai iya rage yawan tsangwama tsakanin sigina, da sauransu.
b)Ƙananan lankwasa gubar, mafi kyau
Ƙarƙashin lankwasa gubar tsakanin fil na na'urorin kewayawa masu saurin gudu, mafi kyau.
Jagorar wayoyi na da'irar sigina mai sauri tana ɗaukar cikakken layin madaidaiciya kuma yana buƙatar juyawa, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman 45° polyline ko jujjuya baka.Ana amfani da wannan buƙatun kawai don haɓaka ƙarfin riƙewar foil ɗin ƙarfe a cikin ƙananan mitoci.
A cikin da'irori masu sauri, saduwa da wannan buƙatun na iya rage watsawa da haɗa sigina masu sauri, da rage hasashe da tunani na sigina.
c)Gajeren gubar, mafi kyau
Gajerar jagorar tsakanin fil ɗin na'urar da'ira mai saurin sigina, mafi kyau.
Da tsayi da gubar, mafi girma da rarraba inductance da capacitance darajar, wanda zai yi tasiri mai yawa a kan tsarin ta high-mita siginar wucewa, amma kuma canza halin impedance na kewaye, haifar da tunani da oscillation na tsarin.
d)Ƙananan sauye-sauye tsakanin matakan gubar, mafi kyau
Ƙananan sauye-sauyen interlayer tsakanin fil na na'urorin kewayawa masu sauri, mafi kyau.
Abin da ake kira "ƙananan sauye-sauye na jagoranci, mafi kyau" yana nufin cewa ƙananan ramukan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin haɗin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, mafi kyau.An auna cewa rami ɗaya zai iya kawo kusan 0.5pf na ƙarfin da aka rarraba, wanda ya haifar da karuwa mai yawa a cikin jinkirin da'ira, rage yawan ramukan na iya inganta saurin gudu.
e)Kula da tsaka-tsakin giciye
Wayoyin sigina na sauri ya kamata a kula da "tsangwamar giciye" wanda layin sigina ya gabatar ta hanyar gajeriyar layin layi ɗaya.Idan ba za a iya kauce wa rarraba layi daya ba, za a iya shirya babban yanki na "ƙasa" a gefen kishiyar layin sigina na layi daya don rage tsangwama.
f)Ka guji rassan da kututturewa
Wayoyin sigina mai sauri yakamata su guji reshe ko kafa Stub.
Kututtuka suna da tasiri mai girma akan impedance kuma suna iya haifar da alamar sigina da overshoot, don haka ya kamata mu guje wa kullun da rassan a cikin zane.
Wurin sarkar Daisy zai rage tasirin siginar.
g)Layukan sigina suna tafiya zuwa bene na ciki gwargwadon yiwuwa
Babban layin siginar da ke tafiya akan saman yana da sauƙi don samar da babban hasken lantarki na lantarki, kuma yana da sauƙin tsoma baki ta hanyar hasken lantarki na waje ko dalilai.
Babban layin siginar mita yana gudana tsakanin wutar lantarki da waya ta ƙasa, ta hanyar ɗaukar igiyoyin lantarki ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki da ƙasan ƙasa, radiation da aka haifar zai ragu sosai.