Popanga mapangidwe a PCB, kugawanika kwa ndege yamagetsi kapena kugawanika kwa ndege yapansi kudzatsogolera ku ndege yosakwanira.Mwanjira imeneyi, pamene chizindikirocho chikuyendetsedwa, ndege yake yowonetsera idzachoka ku ndege imodzi yamagetsi kupita ku ndege ina yamagetsi.Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa ma sign span division.
Chithunzi chojambula cha zochitika zamagulu osiyanasiyana
Kugawa magawo, chifukwa chizindikiro chotsika chotsika sichingakhale ndi ubale, koma mumayendedwe othamanga kwambiri a digito, chizindikiro chothamanga kwambiri chimatenga ndege yolozera ngati njira yobwerera, ndiko kuti, njira yobwerera.Ndege yolozerayo ikakhala yosakwanira, zotsatira zoyipa zotsatirazi zidzachitika: kugawikana kwapakati sikungakhale koyenera pazizindikiro zotsika, koma pamakina othamanga kwambiri a digito, zizindikiro zothamanga kwambiri zimatenga ndege yolozera ngati njira yobwerera. ndi, njira yobwerera.Pamene ndege yolozerayo ili yosakwanira, zotsatirazi zidzachitika:
l Kuyimitsidwa kwa impedance kumapangitsa kuti waya azithamanga;
L yosavuta kuyambitsa crosstalk pakati pazizindikiro;
l Zimayambitsa kusinkhasinkha pakati pa zizindikiro;
l Mawonekedwe a ma waveform ndiosavuta kusuntha powonjezera malo ozungulira apano komanso inductance ya loop.
l Kusokoneza kwa ma radiation kumalo kumawonjezeka ndipo mphamvu ya maginito mumlengalenga imakhudzidwa mosavuta.
l Kuchulukitsa kuthekera kwa kulumikizana kwa maginito ndi mabwalo ena pa bolodi;
l Kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi pa loop inductor kumapanga gwero la radiation yodziwika bwino, lomwe limapangidwa kudzera pa chingwe chakunja.
Chifukwa chake, ma waya a PCB ayenera kukhala pafupi ndi ndege momwe angathere, ndikupewa kugawikana.Ngati kuli kofunikira kuwoloka magawano kapena simungakhale pafupi ndi ndege yapansi ya mphamvu, izi zimangololedwa pamzere wochepa wa chizindikiro.
Kukonza magawo osiyanasiyana mu kapangidwe
Ngati kupatukana sikungalephereke pamapangidwe a PCB, mungathane nawo bwanji?Pankhaniyi, gawoli liyenera kukonzedwa kuti lipereke njira yayifupi yobwereranso chizindikiro.Njira zophatikizira zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera capacitor yokonza ndikuwoloka mlatho wawaya.
l Stiching Capacitor
0402 kapena 0603 ceramic capacitor yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 0.01uF kapena 0.1uF nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamtanda wa chizindikiro.Ngati danga lilola, ma capacitor angapo otere amatha kuwonjezeredwa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, yesetsani kuonetsetsa kuti waya wa chizindikiro uli mkati mwa 200mil kusoka capacitance, ndi mtunda wocheperako, ndi bwino;Maukonde kumapeto onse a capacitor motsatana amafanana ndi maukonde a ndege yolozera momwe zizindikiro zimadutsa.Onani maukonde olumikizidwa kumapeto onse a capacitor pachithunzi pansipa.Ma network awiri osiyanasiyana omwe awonetsedwa mumitundu iwiri ndi awa:
lMlatho pamwamba pa waya
Ndizofala kuti "nthambi yapansi" chizindikiro kudutsa gawolo mu chizindikiro chosanjikiza, ndipo zingakhalenso mizere ina yolumikizira maukonde, mzere wa "ground" wokhuthala momwe mungathere.
Luso lawiring lothamanga kwambiri
a)multilayer interconnection
Mayendedwe othamanga othamanga kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuphatikizika kwakukulu, kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka ma waya, kugwiritsa ntchito bolodi la multilayer sikofunikira kokha pa wiring, komanso njira yabwino yochepetsera kusokoneza.
Wololera kusankha zigawo akhoza kwambiri kuchepetsa kukula kwa bolodi yosindikiza, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira wosanjikiza wapakatikati kukhazikitsa chishango, akhoza bwino kuzindikira grounding pafupi, akhoza bwino kuchepetsa parasitic inductance, akhoza mogwira kufupikitsa kutalika kufala kwa chizindikiro. , imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kusokonezeka kwapakati pakati pa zizindikiro, ndi zina zotero.
b)Mtsogoleri wopindika pang'ono, ndi bwino
Kupindika pang'ono pakati pa mapini a zida zothamanga kwambiri, kumakhala bwinoko.
Chiwongolero cha mawaya amayendedwe othamanga kwambiri amatengera mzere wowongoka wathunthu ndipo umayenera kutembenuka, womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati 45 ° polyline kapena kutembenuka kwa arc.Chofunikirachi chimangogwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yogwira yazitsulo zachitsulo mumayendedwe otsika kwambiri.
M'mabwalo othamanga kwambiri, kukwaniritsa izi kungachepetse kutumizira ndi kulumikiza ma siginecha othamanga kwambiri, ndikuchepetsa ma radiation ndi kuwunikira kwa ma sign.
c)The lalifupi kutsogolo, bwino
Kufupikitsa kutsogolo pakati pa mapini a chipangizo choyendera ma sigino othamanga kwambiri, ndikwabwinoko.
The yaitali kutsogolera, waukulu anagawira inductance ndi capacitance mtengo, amene adzakhala ndi chikoka kwambiri pa dongosolo mkulu-pafupipafupi chizindikiro chikudutsa, komanso kusintha khalidwe impedance wa dera, chifukwa kusinkhasinkha ndi oscillation dongosolo.
d)Kusinthana kochepa pakati pa zigawo za lead, kumakhala bwinoko
Kusinthasintha kocheperako pakati pa mapini a zida zothamanga kwambiri, ndizabwinoko.
Zomwe zimatchedwa "zosintha zochepa za interlayer, zimakhala bwino" zikutanthauza kuti mabowo ochepa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi zigawo, ndi bwino.Zayesedwa kuti dzenje limodzi likhoza kubweretsa pafupifupi 0.5pf ya kugawidwa kwapang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchedwa kwa dera, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mabowo kumatha kusintha kwambiri liwiro.
e)Onani kusokoneza kofanana
Mawaya othamanga kwambiri akuyenera kulabadira "kusokoneza pamtanda" komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi mawaya amtundu waufupi wofanana.Ngati kugawa kofanana sikungapewedwe, malo aakulu a "nthaka" akhoza kukonzedwa kumbali ina ya mzere wa chizindikiro chofananira kuti achepetse kwambiri kusokoneza.
f)Pewani nthambi ndi zitsa
Mawaya othamanga kwambiri amayenera kupewa kuyika nthambi kapena kupanga Stub.
Zitsa zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa impedance ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa kuwunikira komanso kupitilira apo, chifukwa chake tiyenera kupewa zitsa ndi nthambi pamapangidwewo.
Daisy chain wiring idzachepetsa zotsatira za chizindikiro.
g)Mizere yolumikizira imapita mkati momwe ndingathere
Mzere wamakina okwera kwambiri oyenda pamwamba ndiwosavuta kutulutsa ma radiation akulu amagetsi, komanso osavuta kusokonezedwa ndi ma radiation akunja amagetsi kapena zinthu.
Mzere wamawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri umayendetsedwa pakati pa magetsi ndi waya wapansi, kudzera pamayamwidwe amagetsi amagetsi ndi magetsi ndi gawo lapansi, ma radiation opangidwa adzachepetsedwa kwambiri.