Muchigadziro chePCB dhizaini, kupatsanurwa kwendege yemagetsi kana kupatsanurwa kwendege yepasi kunotungamira kune iyo ndege isina kukwana.Nenzira iyi, kana chiratidzo chikafambiswa, ndege yayo yereferensi inotenderera kubva kune imwe ndege yemagetsi kuenda kune imwe ndege yemagetsi.Chiitiko ichi chinonzi chiratidzo span division.
Schematic diagram ye cross-segmentation phenomena
Muchinjikwa segmentation, yeiyo yakaderera yekumhanyisa chiratidzo inogona kunge isina hukama, asi mumhanyiro yedhijitari yedhijitari system, iyo yekumhanyisa chiratidzo inotora iyo ndege yekutarisa senzira yekudzoka, kureva nzira yekudzoka.Kana iyo ndege yereferensi isina kukwana, zvinotevera zvakaipa zvinokonzeresa zvichaitika: kuyambuka-segmentation kungave kusingakodzeri kune yakaderera-kumhanya masaini, asi mune yakakwirira-yekukurumidza dhijitari masisitimu masisitimu, yakakwirira-kumhanya masaini anotora inotaridza ndege senzira yekudzoka, iyo. ndiyo nzira yekudzoka.Kana iyo ndege yereferensi isina kukwana, zvinotevera zvakaipa zvinokonzeresa zvichaitika:
l Impedance discontinuity zvichikonzera kumhanyisa waya;
l Zviri nyore kukonzera crosstalk pakati pezviratidzo;
l Inokonzera kufungidzira pakati pezviratidzo;
l Iyo yekubuda waveform iri nyore kutenderedza nekuwedzera loop nzvimbo yezvino uye inductance yechiuno.
l Kupindira kwemwaranzi munzvimbo inowedzerwa uye iyo magineti iri muchadenga inokanganiswa nyore.
l Wedzera mukana wekubatanidza magineti nemamwe maseketi pabhodhi;
l Iyo yakakwira frequency voltage inodonha pane loop inductor inoumba yakajairika-modhi radiation sosi, iyo inogadzirwa kuburikidza nekunze tambo.
Naizvozvo, PCB wiring inofanirwa kunge iri padyo nendege sezvinobvira, uye dzivirira kuyambuka-kupatsanurwa.Kana zvakakosha kuyambuka kupatsanurwa kana kusakwanisa kuva pedyo nendege yepasi, mamiriro aya anongobvumirwa mumutsara wechiratidzo chepasi.
Kugadzirisa mukati mezvikamu mukugadzira
Kana muchinjika-kupatsanurwa kusingadzivisike muPCB dhizaini, maitiro ekuita nayo?Muchiitiko ichi, chikamu chinoda kugadziriswa kuti chipe nzira pfupi yekudzoka kwechiratidzo.Nzira dzakajairwa dzekugadzirisa dzinosanganisira kuwedzera iyo mending capacitor uye kuyambuka waya bhiriji.
l Stiching Capacitor
Iyo 0402 kana 0603 ceramic capacitor ine simba re 0.01uF kana 0.1uF inowanzoiswa pachiratidzo chemuchinjikwa chikamu.Kana nzvimbo ichibvumidza, akati wandei mamwe ma capacitor akadaro anogona kuwedzerwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, edza kuve nechokwadi kuti tambo yechiratidzo iri mukati mehuwandu hwe200mil sewing capacitance, uye idiki chinhambwe, zviri nani;Manetiweki ari kumagumo ese e capacitor anoenderana nematanho eiyo ndege yereferensi iyo masaini anopfuura.Ona ma network akabatana kumativi ese maviri e capacitor mumufananidzo uri pazasi.Iwo maviri akasiyana network akasimbiswa mumavara maviri ndeaya:
lZambuko pamusoro pewaya
Zvakajairika ku "pasi process" chiratidzo pachikamu chechiratidzo, uye inogona kunge iri mamwe mitsara yemasaini etiweki, mutsara we "pasi" wakakora sezvinobvira.
High speed chiratidzo wiring unyanzvi
a)multilayer interconnection
High speed signal routing circuit inowanzova nepamusoro-soro yekubatanidza, high wiring density, kushandisa multilayer board haisi kungodiwa chete kune wiring, asiwo nzira inobatsira yekuderedza kupindira.
Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika kwematanho kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya saizi yebhodhi rekudhinda, inogona kushandisa zvizere chikamu chepakati kuti isa nhovo, inogona kuona zvirinani pasi iri padyo, inogona kunyatso kudzikisa iyo parasitic inductance, inogona kunyatso kupfupisa kureba kwekutapurirana kwechiratidzo. , inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwemuchinjikwa pakati pezviratidzo, nezvimwe.
b)Izvo zvishoma zvakakombama lead, zviri nani
Iko kushomeka kwekutungamira pakati pemapini e-high-speed circuit midziyo, zviri nani.
Iyo wiring inotungamira yeakakwira-kumhanya chiratidzo chekufambisa wedunhu inotora yakazara yakatwasuka uye inoda kutendeuka, iyo inogona kushandiswa se45 ° polyline kana arc kutendeuka.Ichi chinodiwa chinongoshandiswa kuvandudza simba rekubata resimbi foil mu low-frequency circuit.
Mumaseketi ekumhanya-mhanya, kusangana nezvinodiwa izvi kunogona kuderedza kutapurirana uye kubatanidza masaini ekumhanya-mhanya, uye kuderedza mwaranzi uye kuratidzwa kwezviratidzo.
c)Iyo mupfupi mutobvu, zviri nani
Iyo ipfupi inotungamira pakati pemapini e-high-speed signal routing circuit device, zviri nani.
Iyo yakareba iyo inotungamira, yakakura iyo yakagoverwa inductance uye capacitance kukosha, iyo ichava yakawanda pesvedzero pane iyo yakakwirira-frequency chiratidzo ichipfuura, asi zvakare shandura iyo hunhu impedance yedunhu, zvichikonzera kufungisisa uye oscillation yehurongwa.
d)Iko kuchinjika kushoma pakati pezvikamu zvemutobvu, zviri nani
Izvo zvishoma interlayer alternations pakati pepini ye-high-speed circuit midziyo, zviri nani.
Izvo zvinonzi "zvishoma interlayer alternations yevatungamiri, zviri nani" zvinoreva kuti maburi mashoma anoshandiswa mukubatana kwezvikamu, zviri nani.Yakayerwa kuti gomba rimwe rinogona kuunza 0.5pf yekugovera capacitance, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwekunonoka kwedunhu, kuderedza huwandu hwemaburi kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kumhanya.
e)Cherechedza kupindirana kwakafanana
High-speed signal wiring inofanira kuterera kune "kupindira kwemuchinjikwa" kunounzwa nemutsara wechiratidzo chinhambwe chipfupi parallel wiring.Kana kugoverwa kwakafanana kusingagoni kudziviswa, nzvimbo huru ye "pasi" inogona kurongwa kune rumwe rutivi rwemutsara wechiratidzo chekuenzanisa kuderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa.
f)Dzivisa mapazi uye stumps
High-speed signal wiring inofanira kudzivirira branching kana kuumba Stub.
Stumps ine simba guru pane impedance uye inogona kukonzera chiratidzo chekuratidzira uye overshoot, saka isu tinofanira kazhinji kudzivirira stumps nemapazi mukugadzira.
Iyo Daisy chain wiring inoderedza kukanganiswa kwechiratidzo.
g)Mitsara yemasaini inoenda mukati meuriri hwemukati sezvinobvira
Yakakwira frequency siginecha mutsara unofamba pamusoro uri nyore kugadzira hombe yemagetsi mwaranzi, uye zvakare nyore kukanganiswa nekunze kwemagetsi radiation kana zvinhu.
Iyo yakakwira frequency chiratidzo mutsara inofambiswa pakati pemagetsi uye waya yepasi, kuburikidza nekutorwa kwe electromagnetic wave nemagetsi ekupa uye pasi pasi, iyo radiation inogadzirwa ichave yakanyanya kuderedzwa.