Haddii awoodda interlayer aysan ku filneyn, beerta koronto ayaa loo qaybin doonaa meel aad u weyn oo guddiga ah, si xannibaadda interlayer loo yareeyo oo soo laabashada hadda dib ugu soo laaban karto lakabka sare.Xaaladdan oo kale, goobta uu ka dhashay calaamaddan ayaa laga yaabaa inay farageliso goobta calaamadda lakabka beddelka ee dhow.Tani ma aha tii aanu rajaynaynayba.Nasiib darro, guddiga 4-lakabka ah ee 0.062 inch, lakabyadu aad bay u kala fog yihiin oo awoodda is-dhexgalka ayaa yar.
Marka fiilooyinka laga beddelo lakabka 1 ilaa lakabka 4 ama lidka ku ah, markaa waxay horseedi doontaa dhibaatadan loo muujinayo sawir ahaan

Jaantusku wuxuu muujinayaa in marka calaamaduhu ka soo socdaan lakabka 1 ilaa lakabka 4 (khadka cas), soo noqoshada hadda waa inay sidoo kale beddelaan diyaaradda (khadka buluuga ah).Haddii inta jeer ee calaamaduhu uu sarreeyo oo ku filan diyaaraduhuna ay isku dhow yihiin, soo noqoshada hadda waxay ku qulquli kartaa awoodda interlayer ee u dhaxaysa lakabka dhulka iyo lakabka korantada.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maqnaanshaha xiriir toos ah oo ku saabsan soo laabashada, dariiqa soo laabashada ayaa go'an, waxaana u maleyn karnaa in joojintan ay tahay xannibaad u dhexeeya diyaaradaha ka muuqda sawirka hoose.

Haddii awoodda interlayer aysan ku filneyn, beerta koronto ayaa loo qaybin doonaa meel aad u weyn oo guddiga ah, si xannibaadda interlayer loo yareeyo oo soo laabashada hadda dib ugu soo laaban karto lakabka sare.Xaaladdan oo kale, goobta uu ka dhashay calaamaddan ayaa laga yaabaa inay farageliso goobta calaamadda lakabka beddelka ee dhow.Tani ma aha tii aanu rajaynaynayba.Nasiib darro, guddiga 4-lakabka ah ee 0.062 inch, lakabyadu aad bay u kala fog yihiin (ugu yaraan 0.020 inji), awoodda interlayer waa yar tahay.Natiijo ahaan, faragelinta beerta korontada ee kor lagu sharaxay ayaa dhacda.Tani waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan sababin arrimaha daacadnimada calaamadaha, laakiin waxay hubaal ahaan abuuri doontaa EMI badan.Tani waa sababta, marka la isticmaalayo cascade, aan ka fogaanno beddelka lakabyada, gaar ahaan calaamadaha soo noqnoqda sare sida saacadaha.
Waa wax caadi ah in lagu daro capacitor decoupling meel u dhow daloolka ka gudubka kala-guurka si loo yareeyo caqabada soo laabashada hadda ee ka muuqata sawirka hoose.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kapacitor-kan kala-goynta ayaa ah mid aan waxtar u lahayn calaamadaha VHF sababtoo ah inta jeer ee is-qancinta oo hooseeya.Calaamadaha AC ee leh soo noqnoqoshada ka sarreeya 200-300 MHz, kuma tiirsanaan karno kala-goynta capacitors si aan u abuurno waddo soo laabasho hooseeya.Sidaa darteed, waxaan u baahanahay capacitor-ka-goynta (oo ka hooseeya 200-300 MHz) iyo koronto yar oo is dhexgal ah oo loogu talagalay soo noqnoqoshada sare.

Dhibaatadan waxaa looga fogaan karaa iyada oo aan la beddelin lakabka calaamadda furaha.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, awoodda yar ee isdhexgalka ee guddiga afarta-lakabka ah waxay keenaysaa dhibaato kale oo halis ah: gudbinta korontada.Clock digital ics caadi ahaan waxay u baahan yihiin qulqulo koronto oo ku meel gaar ah.Sida wakhtiga kor u kaca / hoos u dhaca wax soo saarka IC uu hoos u dhaco, waxaan u baahanahay inaan tamar ku bixino heer sare.Si loo bixiyo il lacag ah, waxaan inta badan dhignaa capacitors decoupling si aad ugu dhow macquul kasta IC.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira dhibaato: marka aan ka gudubno soo noqnoqoshada is-resonant, capacitors decoupling si wax ku ool ah uma kaydin karaan oo wareejin karaan tamarta, sababtoo ah kuwan soo noqnoqda capacitor u dhaqmi doonaa sida inductor ah.
Maadaama ics inta badan ay maanta leeyihiin waqtiyo kor u kaca/dhicitaan ah (qiyaastii 500 ps), waxaan u baahanahay qaab-dhismeed dheeri ah oo isku xidha oo leh inta jeer ee is-qancinta ka sarreeya kan kaabcitor-ka.Awoodda interlayer ee guddiga wareegga waxay noqon kartaa qaab dhismeed wax ku ool ah, waase haddii lakabyadu ay isku dhow yihiin midba midka kale si ay u bixiyaan awood ku filan.Sidaa darteed, marka lagu daro capacitors decoupling ee inta badan la isticmaalo, waxaan doorbideynaa inaan isticmaalno lakabyo koronto oo isku dhow iyo lakabyo dhulka si aan u siinno awood ku meel gaar ah ics dijital ah.
Fadlan la soco in habka wax soo saarka guddiga wareegyada caadiga ah awgeed, inta badan ma haysanno insulators khafiif ah inta u dhaxaysa lakabyada labaad iyo saddexaad ee guddiga afarta lakab ah.Looxa afar-lakab ah ee leh insulators khafiif ah oo u dhexeeya lakabyada labaad iyo saddexaad waxay ku kici karaan wax aad uga badan guddida afar-lakab ee caadiga ah.