Pamapangidwe apakati pazida zamagetsi, PCB ili ngati neural network yovuta, yomwe imanyamula kutumiza kwazizindikiro ndikupereka mphamvu pakati pa zida zamagetsi. Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chaukadaulo wamagetsi ku miniaturization ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa PCB watulukira - HDI board. HDI board ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi PCB wamba m'mbali zambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri machitidwe ndi chitukuko cha zida zamagetsi.

Tanthauzo ndi zosiyana zamapangidwe

PCB wamba ndi bolodi losindikizidwa lomwe limapanga maulalo a mfundo ndi mfundo ndi zida zosindikizidwa pa gawo lapansi lotetezera molingana ndi kapangidwe kake. Mapangidwe ake ndi osavuta. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi matabwa okhala ndi mkuwa pobowola, etching circuit, electroplating ndi njira zina. Mawonekedwe a dera komanso kudzera pazikhazikiko ndizodziwika bwino, ndipo ndizoyenera pazida zamagetsi zomwe sizifuna malo apamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Ma board a HDI amagogomezera kulumikizana kwapamwamba kwambiri. Imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamabowo ang'onoang'ono ndi njira zapamwamba monga kubowola kwa laser kuti akwaniritse kulumikizana kwamagetsi ambiri pamalo ang'onoang'ono. Ma board a HDI nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magawo ocheperako komanso mabwalo owoneka bwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zigawo kumakhala kwakukulu. Amatha kuphatikiza ntchito zambiri pamalo ocheperako, kuwongolera kwambiri kuphatikiza kwa zida zamagetsi.

 Kufananiza kwa njira yopangira

Kubowola ndondomeko

Kubowola wamba kwa PCB kumagwiritsa ntchito njira yobowola yamakina, ndipo pobowola amazungulira pa bolodi lovala zamkuwa kuti kubowola m'mimba mwake mofunikira. Ngakhale njira iyi ndi yotsika mtengo, dzenje lapakati ndilokulirapo, nthawi zambiri limaposa 0.3mm, ndipo ndikosavuta kukhala ndi zopatuka pakubowola mwatsatanetsatane ma board angapo osanjikiza.

HDI matabwa ankagwiritsa ntchito laser pobowola luso, ntchito mkulu-mphamvu-kachulukidwe laser matabwa kuti nthawi yomweyo kusungunula kapena nthunzi bolodi kupanga yaying'ono mabowo, ndipo m'mimba mwake dzenje akhoza kukhala ang'onoang'ono monga 0.1mm kapena ngakhale ang'onoang'ono. Kubowola kwa laser kumakhala kolondola kwambiri ndipo kumatha kuzindikira mitundu yapadera ya dzenje monga mabowo akhungu (kungolumikiza wosanjikiza wakunja ndi wosanjikiza wamkati) ndi maenje okwiriridwa (kulumikiza wosanjikiza wamkati ndi wosanjikiza wamkati), zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kusinthasintha ndi kachulukidwe ka kulumikizana kwa mizere.

 Njira etching

Pamene mizere etching pa PCBs wamba, kulamulira mzere m'lifupi ndi mizere katayanitsidwe ndi ochepa, ndipo mzere m'lifupi/mizere katayanitsidwe nthawi zambiri mozungulira 0.2mm/0.2mm. Panthawi ya etching, mavuto monga m'mphepete mwa mizere yokhotakhota ndi mizere yosagwirizana nthawi zambiri imachitika, zomwe zimakhudza kufalikira kwa ma siginecha.

Kupanga ma board a HDI kumafuna kulondola kwambiri kozungulira. Mizere yopangira ma board aukadaulo a HDI imatha kukwaniritsa kutalika kwa mizere / mizere yotsika ngati 0.05mm/0.05mm kapena kupitilira apo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira kwambiri komanso njira zolumikizira, m'mphepete mwa mizereyo amawonetseredwa kuti ndi yabwino komanso m'lifupi mwake ndi ofanana, kukwaniritsa zofunika zolimba zotumizira ma siginecha othamanga kwambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri pamtundu wa mzere.

Lamination ndondomeko

Njira yoyatsira ma PCB wamba imaphatikizapo kulumikiza zigawo zingapo zamatabwa ovala zamkuwa pamodzi ndi kukanikiza kotentha, ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa kulumikizana pakati pa zigawozo. Pa ndondomeko lamination, zofunika interlayer mayikidwe olondola ndi otsika.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zigawo ndi mapangidwe ovuta a matabwa a HDI, zofunikira za ndondomeko ya lamination ndizokhwima kwambiri. Sikuti zigawozo zikhale zolimba, komanso kuyanjanitsa kwapamwamba kwambiri kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti kugwirizanitsa bwino pakati pa mabowo ang'onoang'ono ndi mabwalo. Panthawi yopangira lamination, magawo monga kutentha, kupanikizika, ndi nthawi ayenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino kuti ateteze zolakwika monga interlayer offset ndi thovu, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti gulu lonse la HDI likugwira ntchito.

 Kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito

Mphamvu zamagetsi

Ma PCB wamba ali ndi zoletsa zina malinga ndi liwiro la kufalikira ndi ma frequency. Pamene ma frequency amachulukira, zovuta monga kutsitsa ma sign ndi crosstalk pang'onopang'ono zimawonekera. Ichi ndi chifukwa mizere yake ndi wandiweyani ndi vias lalikulu adzatulutsa kukana lalikulu, inductance ndi capacitance, zimakhudza kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro.

Ma board a HDI amadalira mizere yabwino ndi mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono-bowo kuti achepetse kwambiri kukana kwa mzere, inductance ndi capacitance, kuchepetsa bwino kutayika ndi kusokoneza panthawi yotumiza chizindikiro. Zimagwira bwino pamayendedwe othamanga kwambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kukumana ndi zochitika zogwiritsa ntchito monga kulumikizana kwa 5G ndi kusungirako kothamanga kwambiri komwe kuli ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakutumiza kwamtundu.

Zimango katundu

Mphamvu zamakina a PCB wamba makamaka zimadalira zakuthupi ndi makulidwe a gawo lapansi, ndipo pali zopinga zina mu miniaturization ndi kuwonda. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta, amatha kukhala ndi mavuto monga kupindika kwa bolodi ndi kusweka kwa solder akakumana ndi zovuta.

Ma board a HDI amagwiritsa ntchito magawo ocheperako, opepuka komanso amphamvu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawongolera kukhazikika kwamakina pokonza mapangidwe amitundu yambiri. Ngakhale kuwonetsetsa kuonda, kumatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina monga kugwedezeka ndi kugunda, ndipo ndi koyenera pazida zamagetsi zam'manja ndi magawo ena omwe ali ndi zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa chipangizocho ndi kulemera kwake.

Magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito

Ma PCB wamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zina zamagetsi zomwe zilibe zofunika kwambiri pakuchita komanso malo chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika komanso njira zosavuta zopangira, monga zida zapakhomo (monga ma TV, makina ochapira), zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika mtengo (monga mawailesi wamba, zowongolera zakutali) ndi magawo omwe si apakati pazida zina zowongolera mafakitale.

Ma board a HDI amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazida zamagetsi zapamwamba chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kuthekera kophatikizana kwapamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, mafoni a m'manja amafunika kugwirizanitsa ntchito zambiri m'malo ang'onoang'ono, ndipo matabwa a HDI akhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo zotumizira zizindikiro zothamanga kwambiri, miniaturization, ndi kuwonda; m'munda wamakompyuta, ma boardboard a seva, makhadi ojambulira apamwamba kwambiri ndi zida zina zokhala ndi zofunikira zapamwamba kwambiri zimagwiritsanso ntchito matabwa a HDI mochulukira kuonetsetsa kukonza ndi kutumiza deta mwachangu; kuonjezera apo, m'madera olondola kwambiri monga ndege ndi zipangizo zamankhwala, matabwa a HDI amathandizanso kwambiri, kupereka chithandizo chokhazikika cha machitidwe ovuta a zamagetsi.

Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa matabwa a HDI ndi ma PCB wamba malinga ndi tanthauzo la kapangidwe kake, njira yopangira, mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito. Ndi luso lake lotsogola komanso ntchito zabwino kwambiri, matabwa a HDI amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri polimbikitsa chitukuko cha zipangizo zamagetsi ku miniaturization ndi ntchito yapamwamba, pamene ma PCB wamba akupitiriza kusonyeza ubwino wawo wamtengo wapatali m'madera apakati ndi otsika. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa kudzathandiza opanga zida zamagetsi kuti asankhe njira zoyenera zoyendetsera bolodi molingana ndi zofunikira za mankhwala ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika chamakampani opanga zamagetsi.