A cikin masana'antu na zamani, zinare na nutsewa da platin zinari sune hanyoyin magani na gama gari, ana amfani da su sosai don haɓaka kayan kwalliyar samfur, juriya na lalata, haɓakawa da sauran kaddarorin. Duk da haka, akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin tsarin farashi na waɗannan matakai guda biyu. Zurfafa fahimtar waɗannan bambance-bambance yana da mahimmanci ga kamfanoni don zaɓar hanyoyin da ya dace, sarrafa farashin samarwa, da haɓaka gasa kasuwa.

Ka'idodin tsari da tushen farashi

Tsarin plating na zinari, yawanci yana magana ne akan platin zinari, tsari ne da ke amfani da halayen rage iskar oxygen da iskar shaka don saka wani Layer na zinari akan saman jan karfe na wani abu, kamar allon PCB. Ka'idar ita ce, a cikin wani bayani mai dauke da gishirin zinariya, ana rage ions na zinari ta hanyar wani wakili na musamman na ragewa kuma an ajiye shi daidai a saman ma'auni. Wannan tsari baya buƙatar halin yanzu na waje, yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, kuma yana da ƙarancin buƙatu masu sauƙi don kayan aiki. Koyaya, tsarin sanya zinari yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafa sigogi kamar abun da ke ciki, zafin jiki, da ƙimar pH na maganin don tabbatar da inganci da kauri iri ɗaya na layin gwal. Saboda tsarin nutsewar gwal na ɗan jinkirin, ana buƙatar tsawon lokacin sarrafawa don cimma kauri na zinariyar da ake so, wanda zuwa wani lokaci yana ƙara ƙimar lokaci.

Ana samun tsari na saka zinari ne ta hanyar ka'idar electrolysis. A cikin tantanin halitta, aikin da za a bi da shi ana amfani dashi azaman cathode da zinari azaman anode, kuma ana sanya shi a cikin electrolyte mai ɗauke da ions na zinariya. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wuce, ions na zinariya suna samun electrons a cathode, an rage su zuwa atom na zinariya kuma a ajiye su a saman kayan aikin. Wannan tsari zai iya sauri ajiye wani in mun gwada da kauri zinariya Layer a saman da workpiece, da kuma samar da yadda ya dace ne in mun gwada da high. Koyaya, tsarin electrolysis yana buƙatar kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki na musamman, wanda ke da buƙatu masu yawa akan daidaito da kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki. A sakamakon haka, sayan da kuma kula da kayan aikin kuma yana ƙaruwa daidai.

Bambancin farashi na amfani da kayan gwal

Dangane da adadin zinare da aka yi amfani da shi, tsarin sanya zinari yakan buƙaci ƙarin zinariya. Saboda platin gwal na iya samun ingantacciyar ajiya mai kauri mai kauri, kaurin sa gaba ɗaya tsakanin 0.1 da 2.5μm. Sabanin haka, gwal ɗin da aka samu ta hanyar nutsewar zinari ya fi sirara. Misali, a cikin aikace-aikacen allunan PCB, kauri na layin gwal a cikin aikin platin zinare gabaɗaya kusan 0.05-0.15μm. Tare da karuwa na kauri na zinariya Layer, adadin zinariya kayan da ake bukata domin zinariya plating tsari yana ƙaruwa a layi. Bugu da ƙari, a lokacin aikin lantarki, don tabbatar da ci gaba da samar da ions na ajiya da kuma kwanciyar hankali na tasirin lantarki, ƙaddamar da ions na zinariya a cikin electrolyte yana buƙatar kiyayewa a wani matakin, wanda ke nufin cewa za a cinye ƙarin kayan zinariya a lokacin aikin samarwa.

Bugu da ƙari, sauye-sauyen farashin kayan gwal suna da tasiri daban-daban akan farashin hanyoyin biyu. Saboda ƙananan adadin kayan gwal da aka yi amfani da su a cikin aikin nutsewar zinari, canjin farashin yana da ɗan ƙaranci yayin fuskantar hauhawar farashin gwal. Dangane da tsarin sanya zinari, wanda ya dogara da kayan gwal, duk wani canji a cikin farashin gwal zai yi tasiri sosai akan farashin sa. Misali, lokacin da farashin zinare na kasa da kasa ya yi tashin gwauron zabi, farashin aikin sanya gwal zai karu cikin sauri, yana haifar da matsin lamba mai yawa kan kamfanoni.

Kwatanta kayan aiki da farashin aiki

Kayan aikin da ake buƙata don tsarin nutsewar zinari yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, musamman ciki har da tanki mai amsawa, tsarin kewayawa bayani, na'urar kula da zafin jiki, da dai sauransu. Farashin sayan farko na waɗannan na'urori yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kuma yayin aiki na yau da kullum, ƙimar kulawa kuma ba ta da yawa. Saboda ingantacciyar tsari mai ƙarfi, buƙatun fasaha don masu aiki galibi suna mai da hankali kan sa ido da daidaita sigogin mafita, kuma farashin horar da ma'aikata yana da ƙasa kaɗan.

Tsarin platin zinari yana buƙatar ƙwararrun samar da wutar lantarki, masu gyarawa, tankunan lantarki, da hadadden tsarin tacewa da kewayawa da sauran kayan aiki. Wadannan na'urori ba kawai tsada ba ne, amma har ma suna amfani da wutar lantarki mai yawa yayin aiki, wanda ke haifar da raguwa mai yawa da farashin makamashi na kayan aiki. A halin yanzu, da electrolysis tsari yana da musamman m kula da bukatun ga tsari sigogi, kamar halin yanzu yawa, irin ƙarfin lantarki, electroplating lokaci, da dai sauransu Duk wani sabawa a cikin wani siga iya haifar da ingancin matsaloli tare da zinariya Layer. Wannan yana buƙatar masu aiki don mallaki manyan ƙwarewar ƙwararru da ƙwarewar arziki, da kuma farashin horman-manua da albarkatun mutane suna da girma.

Sauran abubuwan la'akari da farashi

A cikin ainihin samarwa, har yanzu akwai wasu wasu abubuwan da zasu iya shafar farashin hanyoyin biyu. Misali, a cikin aiwatar da shirye-shiryen warwarewa da kiyayewa a cikin aikin platin gwal, ana buƙatar nau'ikan sinadarai iri-iri. Ko da yake farashin wadannan reagents ne in mun gwada da m fiye da na zinariya kayan, shi har yanzu adadin zuwa wani babba kudi a kan dogon lokaci. Haka kuma, ruwan sharar da aka samu yayin aikin jibge gwal ya ƙunshi ƙarfe masu nauyi da sinadarai, waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa ta musamman don saduwa da ƙa'idodin fitar da muhalli. Ba za a iya yin watsi da farashin maganin ruwa ba.

A lokacin aikin sanya wutar lantarki na platin zinari, matsaloli tare da ingancin layin gwal na iya faruwa saboda rashin kulawar tsari, kamar rashin isassun manne da kauri na gwal da rashin daidaituwa. Da zarar waɗannan matsalolin sun faru, kayan aikin sau da yawa suna buƙatar sake yin aiki, wanda ba kawai yana haɓaka kayan abu da tsadar lokaci ba amma kuma yana iya haifar da raguwar ingancin samarwa. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin saka zinari yana da manyan buƙatu don yanayin samarwa. Wajibi ne a kula da tsafta da kwanciyar hankali da zafi na bitar, wanda kuma zai kara yawan farashin samar da kayayyaki.

Akwai bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin farashi tsakanin tsarin nutsewar zinare da tsarin sanya zinari. Lokacin da kamfanoni suka zaɓi tsari, ba za su iya yin hukunci kawai bisa farashi ba. Suna kuma buƙatar yin la'akari sosai da dalilai kamar buƙatun aikin samfur, sikelin samarwa, da matsayin kasuwa. A cikin manyan ayyukan samarwa inda sarrafa farashi ke da mahimmanci, idan samfurin ba shi da buƙatu musamman don kauri da kuma juriya na layin gwal, fa'idar farashin aikin nutsewar zinare a bayyane yake. Ga wasu manyan samfuran, kamar kayan lantarki na sararin samaniya, buƙatun aikin samfur da bayyanar suna da girma sosai. Ko da tsarin sanya zinari yana da tsada, kamfanoni na iya zaɓar wannan tsari don biyan buƙatun samfuran. Ta hanyar auna abubuwa daban-daban ne kawai kamfanoni za su iya yin zaɓin tsari wanda ya dace da ci gaban nasu da haɓaka ƙimar farashi.